Everything about Language Deprivation Experiments totally explained
Language deprivation experiments have been attempted several times through history, isolating infants from the normal use of spoken or signed
language in an attempt to discover the fundamental character of
human nature or the origins of language.
The
American literary scholar
Roger Shattuck called this kind of research study "The Forbidden Experiment" due to the exceptional deprivation of ordinary human contact it requires. Although not designed to study language, similar
experiments on primates utilising complete social deprivation resulted in
psychosis.
In history
Ancient records suggest that this kind of experiment was carried out from time to time, though the authenticity of these records can neither be confirmed nor denied. An early record of an experiment of this kind can be found in
Herodotus's
History. According to Herodotus, after carrying out such an experiment, the
Egyptian pharaoh Psammetichos concluded the
Phrygian race must predate the Egyptians since the children had first spoken the Phrygian word
bekos, meaning "bread."
An alleged experiment carried out by
Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II in the
13th century saw young infants
raised without human interaction in an attempt to determine if there was a
natural language that they might demonstrate once their voices matured. It is claimed he was seeking to discover what language would have been imparted unto
Adam and Eve by God.
The experiments were recorded by the monk
Salimbene di Adam in his
Chronicles, who wrote that Frederick bade
"foster-mothers and nurses to suckle and bathe and wash the children, but in no ways to prattle or speak with them; for he'd have learnt whether they'd speak the Hebrew language (which had been the first), or Greek, or Latin, or Arabic, or perchance the tongue of their parents of whom they'd been born. But he laboured in vain, for the children couldn't live without clappings of the hands, and gestures, and gladness of countenance, and blandishments."
Several centuries after Frederick II's experiment,
James V of Scotland sent two children to be raised by a
mute woman in a specially-constructed cabin, to determine if language was learned or innate. The children were reported to have spoken good Hebrew. This experiment was later repeated by the
Mughal emperor Akbar, who held that speech arose from hearing, thus children raised without hearing human speech would become mute.
In fiction
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